Although the reasons for weight and muscle loss in COPD are not completely understood, experts believe that it happens because of a combination of things. These include:

• Using more energy overall (perhaps due to the increased energy required to breathe).
• Using more energy during physical activity.
• Eating less because of shortness of breath. Shortness of breath may make it difficult to shop for, prepare, and eat foods.
• Using oral corticosteroids, which increase the breakdown of muscle tissue in the body.
• Exercising some muscles less, which can cause them to weaken.
• Increased inflammation caused by COPD.
• Hormonal imbalances.
• Having less interest in food. People who have COPD may be depressed (causing a lack of interest in eating) or may be taking medicines that reduce appetite.
• The possibility that COPD may reduce oxygen levels in the blood. This can prevent your body from using food properly.

Poor eating habits and nutrition also can contribute to weight loss. For older adults, the cost of food and being isolated from others may play a role in poor eating habits.

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